At the moment our knowledge of the impact of AGN jets is limited to the nearby Universe: we can only study the most extreme outbursts at high redshifts. Future radio surveys will reveal for the first time the intermediate and low-luminosity radio-loud AGN population out beyond the epochs of group and cluster formation, but several crucial problems must be solved if we want to use these surveys to assess the cumulative energy input from radio jets into group and cluster environments as they evolve. I will summarise some recent progress in relating radio properties to environment and impact, and discuss some ways of addressing the challenges of exploiting upcoming radio surveys to answer the question in the talk title.